Suchergebnisse

Soviet Management and Labor Relations (1988) examines the official model of Soviet labor relations and the operational reality. It outlines the main characteristics of labor relations during Russia's three major historical industrialisation drives, and the attitude toward work, entrepreneurs and the state bureaucracy displayed by workers with peasant origins and culture. It then deals with the main aspects of the official model of labor relations and legislation; Soviet management practices and labor relations, industrial relations, strategic behaviour and collective actions.

1. Introduction: re-reading a program for an economic sociology of post-socialism -- 2. Toward capitalism without capitalists -- 2.1. A reminder of Soviet factory regime -- 2.2. The failure of 'market socialism': micro-outcomes of a macro-event -- 2.3. Privatization, marketization and organizational adaptations -- 2.4. Local problems and foreign solutions: the training of managers -- 3. Enterprises and the administrative regime: history matters -- 3.1. State and 'state concessionaires' -- 3.2. Labour market: normative rigidity and organizational flexibility -- 3.3. Human resource management: continuities and changes -- 3.4. Organizational environments and emerging entrepreneurship -- 4. Local environments and the minor architecture of markets -- 4.1.'Subaltern entrepreneurship' and Soviet legacies -- 4.2. Regional economies and small business -- 4.3. Governors and entrepreneurs -- 5. Organizations, institutions and the rebuilding of markets: new insights on the debate -- 5.1. Russian factories and company towns: a back-to-roots journey in organizational institutionalism and a comparative look -- 5.2. Neoistitutionalism and area studies: notes on the multidisciplinary dialogue -- 6. Conclusions

This study addresses the co-evolution of institutional and organizational change in Russia. It focuses on changes in state-business relations, and on the forms of entrepreneurship that emerge in local environments at different degrees of economic complexity and at a variable distance from global markets. The study engages with three key issues: firstly, it looks at the social construction of markets in different socio-economic environments. Secondly, it connects studies of Russian factories and institutional analysis with organizational institutionalism. Thirdly, it highlights turning points in the multidisciplinary debate on how the social embeddedness of economic action may be short-lived in transitional societies. Based on the author's own research and evaluation, and a review of co-evolutionary literature, the study provides new insights into the debate on the economic sociology of post-socialist transformation.

Intro -- Introduction -- Who Should Learn What? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Homo Sovieticus -- 3 Managers and Post-Socialist Enterprises -- 4 Elites, Citizens, Working People, and Institutional Reconstruction -- 5 Modernization: Projects and Processes -- 6 Social Change and Modernization: Lessons From and For Eastern Europe -- 7 Neo-Modernization Analysis: New Theoretical Challenges -- References -- Part One. The Actors of Change -- Contemporary Russian Society and its Soviet Legacy : The Problem of State-Dependent Workers -- 1 Soviet Society and the State-Dependent Worker -- 2 The Emergence of State Dependency as a Historical Process -- 3 State-Dependent Worker and the Basic Social Groups -- 4 State-dependent Workers and Social Mobilization in Soviet Society -- 5 Basic Modes of Crisis-Adaptation -- 6 State Populism in the Russian Republic -- References -- New Entrepreneurs: Continuity or Change in Russian Economy and Society? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Modernization, the Russian Transition, and Entrepreneurs -- 3 Russian Entrepreneurs and their Contribution to Social Change -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- From the Communist Nomenklatura to Transformational Leadership: The Role of Management in the Post-communist Enterprises -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Role of Management in the Communist Enterprises: The legacy of the past -- 3 The Agents of Domestic Change -- 4 Cultural change with Foreign Participation -- 5 Local Managerial Skills -- References -- Modernizing Post-Soviet Management: A Comparative View -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Socialist Enterprise -- 3 Post-Socialist Organizations -- 4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Strategies of Post-communist Transformations: Elites as Institution-Builders -- 1 Political Elites and Institutional Change -- 2 Market and Democracy -- 3 Communism and Civil Society -- 4 Society, and Elites in Transition.

Absicht des Beitrags ist es, eine Ost-West-vergleichende Organisationsforschung zu begründen, die auch für die praktische Organisationsentwicklung in den osteuropäischen Ländern von Nutzen sein kann. Der theoretische Rahmen besteht in einer modernisierungstheoretischen Perspektive, die am besten die "vorgetäuschte Moderne" der ehemaligen sozialistischen Gesellschaften einzuschätzen erlaubt. Um die Ost-West-Vergleiche in der Organisationsforschung zu verbessern, ist eine Theorie erforderlich, die das Zusammenspiel zwischen institutionellem und organisatorischem Wandel unter Bedingungen erklärt, die sich durch eine hochgradige strukturelle und kulturelle Kontinuität mit den vorangegangenen Regimen auszeichnen. Unzureichend ist hier die alte Institutionentheorie, die lediglich erklärt, warum Organisationen sich einem Wandel anpassen oder verweigern. (pre)

The paper begins with a short review of key institutional arrangements for labour participation in the management of the Soviet enterprises. Next, sociological evidence is presented which indicate: (a) that the apparatus of labour participation is largely inadequate to fulfil the declared aims of perestroika, and (b) that many workers find it much more rewarding to participate instead in the activities of the second economy. These results are explained in the last section by referring to a series of interrelations between the processes of 'statization' and 'privatization' in Soviet society.